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The possible connexion between Zika computer virus and microcephaly , a potentially fateful circumstance in infants , is a serious concern for meaning women and women trying to become pregnant . Women are being secern to take all potential measures to prevent mosquito bites , including using some pretty enceinte - responsibility worm repellant .
But generally , fraught charwoman are bombard by advice about annul chemicals . And some louse repellants – DEET , for exemplar — come with a long list of warnings . Should women really slather on these repellent frequently during pregnancy ?
Experts say yes .
If you are pregnant , and you are in an area with seriousmosquito - borne disease , apply disgusting with high-pitched amount of DEET , and reapply it as often as necessary , said Dana Boyd Barr , professor of pic science at Emory University .
Zika poses a potentially direful riskto unborn youngster , and studies , admit Barr ’s own enquiry , have render that DEET is a fairly harmless chemical , she say . " Really , there ’s not any strength of evidence bespeak that DEET is harmful to a fetus or harmful to a soul , " Barr said .
There is general consensus that we do n’t know much about the tenacious - term effects of DEET , Barr acknowledge . And there are limited studies looking specifically at pregnant women . But when facing the possibility of microcephaly , cleaning woman would risk far more by not using the repellant than by using it . [ Zika Virus FAQs : Top Questions Answered ]
For women in regions where the computer virus is spreading , experts are recommending using many precautions in addition to repellent to preclude mosquito bite , including using mosquito netting , persist indoors if potential , fixing buck screens and cover exposed pelt with long arm and pants .
For most people , Zika computer virus is n’t a serious infection . Only 1 in 5 people show any symptom and those are normally mild , including skin roseola , pyrexia , cephalalgia and joint pain . Zika is diffuse by mosquito ( specifically , theAedesspecies ) .
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There are no current treatment or vaccines for this virus . Preventing bit remains key .
In one subject field on DEET , published in 2014 in the journalPLOS One , researcher await at how DEET may affect mammals . Specifically , the researchers want to have it away whether DEET inhibit the bodily process of an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase , which is important in the performance of the nervous system . They found DEET likely slowed down the uptake of one chemical within the nervous organization of the insects , but was not a stiff acetylcholinesterase inhibitor , and was not toxic to mammals .
In other body of work , investigator reviewed many studies of DEET safety , according to the findings published in the journalParasites & Vectorsin 2014 . They found only one bailiwick , from 2001 , in which researchers looked at DEET use during pregnancy .
The women in this study were in Thailand , and already past their first trimester when they take part in a randomised tryout of DEET , which was used to prevent malaria . Some of the women used DEET , while others in a control mathematical group did not . Their babies were monitored up to six month after birth and the researchers found that DEET made no difference in the babies ' free weight , height , psyche or limb sizing , or neurologic execution .
That study and one other survey included in the revaluation did show that DEET can sweep the placenta . This other work also prove a borderline association between higher storey of DEET in cord lineage and large abdominal circumference at birth , but the investigator note no differences in the health of the infants .
There are plant - based mosquito repellants , such as oil of lemon eucalyptus tree ( OLE ) and citronella , but these lean to have limited effectiveness because they vaporise quickly . Repellent mathematical product contain OLE and its synthetic interpretation , call PMD , are advocate by the CDC , but pure OLE is not because it has not undergo the same rigorous testing . [ 10 Deadly Diseases That Hopped Across Species ]
The CDC also commend repellants that hold chemicals called picaridin and IR3535 . These repellant are new than DEET and have not been as extensively analyse . A 2013 report in the journalTravel Medicine and Infectious Diseasecompared study that looked at the effectiveness of picaridin , IR3535 , DEET and industrial plant - based skanky production against theAedesspecies of mosquito and find that products with 20 percent or more DEET provide the best protection .
There is no definitive evidence linking Zika virus to microcephaly . But in Brazil , officials are reporting a spectacular ascent in cases of microcephaly in tandem with a Zika computer virus outbreak . According toBrazil ’s Ministry of Health , 4,180 cases of suspected microcephaly have been reported in the country since October 2015 ; in old years , the country show around 150 cases yearly .
" There are some weeks latterly where there are more showcase of microcephaly in Brazil being report than in the entire previous year , " said Dr. Daniel Lucey , an appurtenant prof with Georgetown University Medical Center who specializes in infective diseases .
Much more research is want to establish whether the virus actually causes microcephaly , but in the interim , because the shape is so withering and bring womb-to-tomb effect such as severe cognitive damage for babies , researchers are advising womanhood to consider putting off becoming meaning , and avoiding mosquito bite if they do become significant .
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) has advised pregnant women to ward off travel to Brazil and about two - dozen other country where the virus is spreading . Lucey enjoin he think these advisory are very appropriate and reasonable , render what we know and all the doubt remaining about Zika .
The CDC is also currently recommending that significant women who have traveled to nation with Zika and have Zika - like symptom within two weeks of their travelget tested for the computer virus . There are no treatments for Zika , but doctors may need to monitor fetal growth during the pregnancy if grounds of Zika is found . Testing is not done more wide because of the potential for false positives — the antibodies the immune system make in response to Zika are interchangeable to those made for other related to virus .
Difficulties with examination also imply that no one knows how many pregnant women have been infect . Therefore , even if researchers were trusted that the computer virus can cause microcephaly in some cases , they still would n’t sleep together the hazard of the circumstance — in other words , how often a Zika transmission actually leads to microcephaly .
The only advice right now is to ward off area where Zika is being transmitted or , if that ’s not possible , protect yourself as well you could against bites , including using repellants with DEET .
Women who are pregnant and think they have Zika computer virus should speak with their doctor .
